Fundamentals of Magnetic Materials

Magnetic Materials: BSNL TTA JE


Materials that can be magnetized, which are also the ones that are strongly attracted to a magnet, are called ferromagnetic(or ferrimagnetic). These include iron, nickel, cobalt, some alloys of rare earth metals, and some naturally occurring minerals such as lodestone.




Type of MagnetismSusceptibilityAtomic / Magnetic BehaviourExample / Susceptibility
Diamagnetism
Small & negative.
Atoms have no magnetic moment
Au
Cu		-2.74x10-6-0.77x10-6
ParamagnetismSmall & positive.
Atoms have randomly oriented magnetic moments
β-Sn
Pt
Mn		0.19x10-6
21.04x10-6
66.10x10-6
FerromagnetismLarge & positive,
function of applied field, microstructure dependent.
Atoms have parallel aligned magnetic moments
Fe~100,000
AntiferromagnetismSmall & positive.
Atoms have mixed parallel and anti-parallel aligned magnetic moments
Cr3.6x10-6
FerrimagnetismLarge & positive,
function of applied field, microstructure dependent
Atoms have anti-parallel aligned magnetic moments
Ba ferrite~3


Video Lecture on Magnetic Materials:

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