Measurement – Units and Dimensions
Physics :
Physics is the study of the laws of nature from the observed events.
The quantities by means of which we describe the laws of physics are called physical quantities. There are two type of physical quantities.
Fundamental quantities
Derived quantities
1.1 Fundamentalquantities:
Physical quantities which are independent of each other and cannot be further resolved into any other physical quantityare known as fundamental quantities. There are seven fundamental quantities.
Derived Quantities :
Physical quantities which depend upon fundamental quantities or which can be derived from fundamental quantities are known as derived quantities.
2. UNITS
Definition : Things in which quantity is measured are known as units.
Measurement of physical quantity
= (Magnitude) × (Unit)
There are three types of units
Fundamental or base units
Derived units
Supplementary units
Fundamental or base units:
Units of fundamental quantities are called fundamental units.
Characteristics of fundamental units:
(i) they are well defined and are of a suitable size
(ii) they are easily reproducible at all places
(iii) they do not vary with temperature, time pressure etc. i.e. invariable.
(iv) there are seven fundamental units.
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